lead zinc ore beneficiation experiment report
1.ABSTRACT
1.1 A Lead – Zinc sample assaying
8.52% Pb, 6.46% Zn, 0.06% Cu, 22.71% Fe(T), 9.19% S, 25.05% SiO2,
6.40% Al2O3, 4.42% CaO, 5.27% MgO,1.12% Graphitic carbon,
0.04% Ni, 0.01% Co, 0.76% Mn, 0.13% Ti, 0.02% Cd was undertaken for bench scale
beneficiation studies in Ore Dressing Laboratory of sinoninetech.
1.2The object of the bench scale
investigation was to develop process flowsheet to produce individual lead and zinc concentrates suitable for end use industries
1.3Mineralogical studies on
the sample reveal that the sample
consists of carbonates viz. calcite, siderite, dolomite and quartz with
subordinate amount of clay, sphalarite, galena, minor amount of feldspar
(plagioclase, orthoclase), while talc, goethite/limonite, pyrite, graphite,
chalcopyrite, hematite and pyroxene (diopside) are noticed in very minor to
trace amount.
1.4 In order to produce Lead
concentrate and Zinc concentrate suitable for user industries, the process
adopted comprises grinding to 78.8% minus 200 mesh and flotation of lead
employing Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (Z-11) as collector, Zinc Sulphate and
sodium sulphite and sodium cynide as Zinc depressant, Methyl Iso-butyl Carbinol
as frother and flotation of Zinc employing Lime as pH modifier,Sodium Silicate
as Silica depressant, Copper Sulphate as activator, Sodium
Isopropyl Xanthate (Z-11) as collector, Methyl Iso-butyl Carbinol as frother.
1.5 Several flotation experiments
were carried out under various test conditions to evolve process parameters for
the flotation of Lead and Zinc separately. By conducting flotation under
optimized conditions, a final Lead concentrate assayed 72.69% Pb, 0.49% Zn,
0.13% Cu, 1.42% Fe, 12.71% S(T), 1.71% SiO2, 0.26% Al2O3,
0.58% CaO, 0.10% MgO and 8.23% LOI with 92.7% of recovery of Lead and wt% yield
of 10.4
1.6 A final Zinc concentrate assayed
53.16% Zn, 0.86% Pb, 0.07% Cu, 3.14% Fe(T), 25.45% S, 0.78% SiO2,
0.11% Al2O3, 0.58% CaO, 0.10% MgO and 14.41% LOI with
94.3% of recovery of Zinc and wt% yield of 12.4.
2.
INTRODUCTION
2.1 About 300 Kg of Lead-Zinc
sample assaying 8.52% Pb, 6.46% Zn, 0.06% Cu, 22.71% Fe(T), 9.19% S, 25.05% SiO2,
6.40% Al2O3, 4.42% CaO, 5.27% MgO,1.12% Graphitic carbon,
0.04% Ni, 0.01% Co, 0.13% Ti, 0.02% Cd was received for undertaking bench scale
beneficiation studies in Modern Mineral Processing Laboratory of sinoninetech
2.2 The object of the bench scale investigation was to develop process
to produce individual final Lead concentrate and Zinc Concentrate suitable for
user industry.
3. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
SAMPLE
3.1 Physical:
The as received sample consists of hard and compact
lumps varying in size up to 25 mm with
small proportion of fines. The colour
of the sample was gray to dark
gray.
3.2 Chemical: A representative sample was
ground to 200 mesh in Fritsch pulveriser and was chemically analysed. The
chemical analysis of as received sample and beneficiated products were carried
out and the results of chemical analysis of as received sample are presented in
Table No. 1.
3.3 Mineralogical: Mineralogical report is presented in Annexure – 1.
4.EXPERIMENTAL WORK
4.1 Sample preparation: The as received sample was stage crushed to minus 12 mm in
laboratory jaw crusher (125 x 150 mm). The crushed sample was thoroughly mixed
and one-fourth of it was drawn by coning
and quartering. This one fourth portion was stage crushed to minus 10 mesh size
in laboratory Roll Crusher (250 mm x 150 mm) in closed circuit with vibrating
screen. The minus 10 mesh sample was thoroughly mixed and riffled to get
samples weighing 2 kg each which were packed and preserved for further test
work.
4.2 Wet sieve analysis: A representative portion of minus 10 mesh sample weighing about 2
kg was subjected to wet sieve analysis. Each sieve fraction was dried, weighed
and chemically analysed. The results are presented in Table No. 2.
4.3 Grinding Tests: Three batches of minus 10 mesh sample were ground in laboratory model ball mill for 9, 12 and
15 minutes under the following conditions :
Feed : 1000 gms + 500 ml water
P.D. : 66% Solids
Ball mill :
300 mm x 125 mm (Denver)
Ball Charge :
18.2 Kg.
RPM : 54
The test results are given in Table
No. 3.
4.4
Mesh of Grinding Tests: In order to determine the optimum mesh of grind for flotation, three
flotation tests were conducted on different grinds viz. 78.8, 85.3 and 92.3%
minus 200 mesh under the identical flotation test conditions:
Grinding
:
Ball
mill :
300 mm x 125 mm (Denver)
Ball
Charge : 18.2 Kg.
RPM : 54
Sample : 1000 gm
Water : 500
ml
P.D. : 66% Solids
Rougher
Lead Flotation:
Cell
conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg.
RPM : 2000
Impeller
Dia : 63 mm
PH : 7.4 (Natural)
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose
Kg/T
|
Conditioning
Time, minutes
|
Flotation
Time, minutes
|
1 ZnSO4 - 2.0
Na2SO3 - 2.0 5
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2
NaCN
1% 0.03 3
SIPX
1% 0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.02 3
SIPX
1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rougher Zinc Flotation:
Feed : Rougher Lead Tailing
Cell
conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg
RPM : 2000
Impeller
Dia : 63 mm
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
CuSO4 10% 1.0 5
SIPX 1% 0.02 1
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.02 1
MIBC 0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The results of these tests
are presented in Table No. 4
It is seen from this table that Rougher Lead Concentrate obtained at
the grind of 78.8% minus 200 mesh assayed 59.81% Pb, 1.29% Zn with Pb recovery
of 93.7%. The weight % yield was 14.0. Rougher Zinc Concentrate assayed 35.43%
Zn, 0.66% Pb with Zn recovery of 85.8%. The weight % yield was 16.3. Grade and
recovery of Pb and Zn are better at 78.8% minus 200 mesh grind as compared to
other grinds. Therefore, this grind was
selected for further test work.
4.5 OPTIMISATION
OF NaCN IN Pb FLOTAION CIRCUIT AND CuSO4 IN Zn CIRCUIT
In order to determine the optimum dose of NaCN in
lead flotation circuit and CuSO4 in zinc flotation circuit, three
flotation tests were conducted by employing different doses of NaCN viz. 0.04
kg/t, 0.05 kg/t and 0.06 kg/t in lead circuit and CuSO4 viz. 0.5
kg/t, 1.0 kg/t and 1.5 kg/t in zinc flotation circuit under the identical other
flotation test conditions. Representative portion of minus 10 mesh sample was
ground to 78.8% minus 200 mesh.
Grinding :
Grinding Time : 9’
Ball mill :
300 mm x 125 mm (Denver)
Ball Charge :
18.2 Kg.
RPM : 54
Sample : 1000
gm
Water :
500 ml
Rougher Lead Flotation:
Cell conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg (Denver Sub A)
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 7.4 (Natural)
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 ZnSO4 - 2.0
Na2SO3 - 2.0 5
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2
NaCN 1% 0.02 /0.03 /0.03 3
SIPX 1% 0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.02/0.02/0.03 3
SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rougher Zinc Flotation:
Feed : Rougher Lead Tailing
Cell conditions:
Cell : 2.5 Lit
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
CuSO4 10% 0.5 /1.0/1.5 5
SIPX 1% 0.0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The results of these tests
are presented in Table No. 5
It is seen from this table that Rougher Lead Concentrate obtained at
the grind of 78.8% minus 200 mesh by employing 0.04 kg/t NaCN in lead flotation
circuit and 0.5 kg/t CuSO4 zinc flotation circuit assayed 57.24% Pb, 1.9% Zn with Pb recovery
of 96.5%. The weight % yield was 14.4. Rougher Zinc Concentrate assayed 35.38%
Zn, 0.69% Pb with Zn recovery of 93.6%. The weight % yield was 18.2. There is
marginal difference in Grade of Pb and Zn with better recovery of Pb and
Zn at lower reagent doses as compared to
higher doses. Even loss of Pb and Zn in Rougher Tails is least at these reagent
doses. Therefore, 0.04 kg/t NaCN in Pb circuit 0.5kg/t CuSO4
in Zn circuit is considered as optimum reagent dose.
4.6
OPTIMISATION OF SIPX IN Pb FLOTAION
AND Zn FLOTATION CIRCUIT
In order to determine the optimum dose of Sodium
Isopropyl xanthate (Z-11) in lead flotation
and zinc flotation circuit, three flotation tests were conducted by
employing different doses of SIPX viz. 0.06 kg/t, 0.08 kg/t and 0.10 kg/t in
lead flotation circuit and 0.04 kg/t,
0.06 kg/t and 0.08 kg/t in zinc flotation circuit under the identical other flotation
test conditions. Representative portion of minus 10 mesh sample was ground to
78.8% minus 200 mesh.
Grinding :
Grinding Time : 9’
Ball mill :
300 mm x 125 mm (Denver)
Ball Charge :
18.2 Kg.
RPM : 54
Sample : 1000
gm
Water :
500 ml
Rougher Lead Flotation:
Cell conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 7.4 (Natural)
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 ZnSO4 - 2.0
Na2SO3 - 2.0 5
MIBC 0.02 1 5
2
NaCN 1% 0.02 3
SIPX 1% 0.03/0.04/0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.02 3
SIPX 1% 0.02/0.02/0.03 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
4 NaCN 1% 0.02 3
SIPX 1% 0.01/0.02/0.03 2
MIBC
0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rougher Zinc Flotation:
Feed : Rougher Lead Tailing
Cell conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg.
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
CuSO4 10% 1.0 5
SIPX 1% 0.02/0.04/0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.02/0.02/0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The results of these tests
are presented in Table No. 6
It is seen from this table that Rougher Lead Concentrate obtained at
the grind of 78.8% minus 200 mesh by employing 0.08 kg/t SIPX (Sodium Isopropyl
Xanthate, Z-11) in lead flotation circuit and 0.06 kg/t SIPX in zinc flotation
circuit. The rougher lead concentrate assayed 56.93% Pb, 1.95% Zn with Pb recovery
of 95.5%. The weight % yield was 14.7. Rougher Zinc Concentrate assayed 35.28%
Zn, 0.43% Pb with Zn recovery of 90.6%. The weight % yield was 17.7. There is
marginal difference in Grade of Pb and Zn with better recovery of Pb and
Zn at these doses as compared to other
doses. Even loss of Pb and Zn in Rougher Tails is least at these reagent doses. Therefore,
0.08 kg/t SIPX in Pb circuit 0.06 kg/t SIPX in Zn circuit is considered
as respective optimum reagent dose.
4.7 OPTIMUM
CONDITIONED TEST : A flotation test was conducted on representative minus 10 mesh
sample ground to 78.8% minus 200 mesh under optimized conditions by employing
0.04 kg/t NaCN, 0.08kg/t Sodium Isopropyl xanthate (Z-11) in lead flotation
circuit and 0.5 kg/t CuSO4, 0.06 kg/t Sodium Isopropyl xanthate
(Z-11) in zinc flotation circuit for
achieving better grade and recovery of lead and zinc in respective concentrates
under the following conditions:
Grinding :
Ball mill :
300 mm x 125 mm (Denver)
Ball Charge :
18.2 Kg.
RPM : 54
Grinding Time: 9’
Sample : 1000
gm
Water :
500 ml
P. D. :
66% Solids
Rougher Lead Flotation:
Cell conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 7.4 (Natural)
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 ZnSO4 - 2.0 -
Na2SO3 - 2.0 5 -
MIBC 0.02 1 5
2
NaCN 1% 0.02 3 -
SIPX 1% 0.04 2 -
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.02 3 -
SIPX 1% 0.02 2 -
MIBC 0.02 1 2
4 SIPX 1% 0.02 2 -
MIBC 0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I CLEANER LEAD FLOTATION:
Feed: Rougher Lead float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg.
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : Natural
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 NaCN 1% 0.01 2 -
SIPX 1% 0.01 1 -
MIBC 0.02 1 4
2
NaCN 1% 0.01 2 -
SIPX 1% 0.01 1 -
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.01 2 -
SIPX 1% 0.01 1 -
MIBC 0.02 1 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II CLEANER LEAD FLOTATION:
Feed: I Cleaner Lead float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg.
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : Natural
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 NaCN 1% 0.01 2
SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2
NaCN 1% 0.01 2
SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rougher Zinc Flotation:
Feed: Rougher Lead Tailing
Cell conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg
RPM :
2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
CuSO4 10% 0.5 5
SIPX 1% 0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 3
2 SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I CLEANER ZINC FLOTATION:
Feed: Rougher Zinc float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II CLEANER ZINC FLOTATION:
Feed: I Cleaner Zinc float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The results of this test are
presented in Table No. 7
It is seen from this table that the second cleaner Lead Concentrate
assayed 73.19% Pb, 0.84% Zn with 93.1% recovery of lead. The weight % yield was
10.5. Second cleaner Zinc Concentrate assayed 45.30% Zn, 0.27% Pb with zinc
recovery of 88.9%. The weight % yield was 13.6.
There is improvement in grade and
recovery of lead and zinc in respective concentrates. Fine silica grains were
observed in Zinc Concentrate and therefore Sodium silicate was employed for
depression of silica in the next test.
For further improving the grade of zinc concentrate, following test was
conducted.
4.8 FINAL TEST : A
final flotation test was conducted to improve the grade of zinc concentrate on
representative minus 10 mesh sample ground to 78.8% minus 200 mesh by employing
0.04 kg/t NaCN, 0.08kg/t Sodium Isopropyl xanthate (Z-11) in lead flotation
circuit and 0.5 kg/t CuSO4, 0.5 kg/t Sodium silicate, 0.06 kg/t Sodium Isopropyl xanthate
(Z-11) in zinc flotation circuit under
the following conditions:
Grinding
:
Ball mill :
300 mm x 125 mm (Denver)
Ball Charge :
18.2 Kg.
RPM : 54
Grinding Time: 9’
Sample : 1000
gm
Water :
500 ml
P. D. :
66% Solids
Rougher Lead and
Carbonaceous matter Flotation:
Cell conditions:
Cell : 1.0 kg (Denver Sub A)
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 7.4 (Natural)
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 ZnSO4 - 2.0
Carbonaceous Na2SO3 - 2.0 5
R Pb Float MIBC 0.04 1 2
2
NaCN 1% 0.02 3
SIPX 1% 0.04 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.02 3
SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
4 SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC
0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I CLEANER LEAD FLOTATION:
Feed: Rougher Lead float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg.
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : Natural
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 NaCN 1% 0.01 2
SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 4
2
NaCN 1% 0.01 2
SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3
NaCN 1% 0.01 2
SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II CLEANER LEAD FLOTATION:
Feed: I Cleaner Lead float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg.
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : Natural
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2
SIPX 1% 0.01 1
MIBC 0.02 1 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rougher Zinc Flotation:
Feed: Rougher Lead Tailing
Cell conditions:
Cell :
1.0 kg
RPM : 2000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
CuSO4 10% 0.5 5
Na2SiO3 5% 0.5 5
SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3 SIPX 1% 0.02 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I CLEANER ZINC FLOTATION:
Feed: Rougher Zinc float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
2 SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
3 SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 1/2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II CLEANER ZINC FLOTATION:
Feed: I Cleaner Zinc float
Cell conditions:
Cell : 0.25 kg
RPM : 1000
Impeller Dia :
63 mm
PH : 10.5
Stages
|
Reagents
|
Strength of Solution
|
Dose Kg/T
|
Conditioning Time, minutes
|
Flotation Time, minutes
|
1 Lime to pH 10.5 3
SIPX 1% 0.01 2
MIBC 0.02 1 2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Results of this test are
presented in Table No. 8
It is seen from this table that the second cleaner Lead Concentrate
assayed 72.69% Pb, 0.49% Zn with 92.7% recovery of lead. The weight % yield was
10.4. Second cleaner Zinc Concentrate assayed 53.16% Zn, 0.86% Pb with zinc
recovery of 94.3%. The weight % yield was 12.4.
There is significant improvement in
grade and recovery of lead and zinc in respective concentrates. The lead
and zinc concentrates meet the desired specifications suitable for respective
smelters.
TABLE NO.- 1
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF AS RECEIVED SAMPLE
CONSTITUENTS
|
ASSAY%
|
Pb
Zn
Cu
S
Fe(T)
SiO2
Al2O3
CaO
MgO
Graphitic Carbon
Ni
Co
Ti
Au
Ag
Cd
Sb
As
Bi
LOI – Chemical analysis not received
|
8.52
6.46
0.06
9.19
22.71
25.05
6.40
4.42
5.27
1.12
0.04
0.01
0.13
BDL
BDL
0.02
BDL
BDL
BDL
|
BDL:
Beyond Detection Limit
TABLE NO.-2
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF –10 MESH ORIGINAL
SAMPLE
PRODUCT
(TYLER MESH)
|
WT%
|
ASSAY%
|
DIST%
|
||
Pb
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
||
+10
-10+20
-20+30
-30+50
-50+70
-70+100
-100+150
-150+200
-200
|
2.2
36.1
16.3
15.6
6.5
4.4
3.6
3.5
11.8
|
3.81
9.01
11.19
4.07
10.04
10.15
8.74
8.79
7.36
|
4.76
6.65
6.34
6.41
5.61
5.25
5.51
5.89
5.91
|
1.0
38.8
21.7
7.6
7.8
5.3
3.7
3.7
10.4
|
1.7
38.5
16.6
16.0
5.8
3.7
3.2
3.3
11.2
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.38
|
6.26
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
TABLE NO.-3
GRINDING TESTS
MESH SIZE
|
WEIGHT% |
||
9’
|
12’
|
15’
|
|
+70
-70+100
-100+150
-150+200
-200
|
1.2
1.2
5.9
12.9
78.8
|
0.3
0.7
3.1
10.6
85.3
|
0.2
0.3
1.2
6.0
92.3
|
HEAD |
100.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
TABLE NO.- 4
MESH OF GRIND TEST
GRIND
|
PRODUCT
(TYLER MESH)
|
WT%
|
ASSAY%
|
DIST%
|
||
Pb
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
|||
(9 Minutes)
78.8% -200#
|
Carbon Float
Pb Float
Zn Float
Rougher Tails
|
0.8
14.0
16.3
68.9
|
6.08
59.81
0.66
0.59
|
6.9
1.29
35.43
1.05
|
0.5
93.7
1.2
4.6
|
0.8
2.7
85.8
10.7
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.93
|
6.73
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
(12 Minutes)
85.3% -200#
|
Carbon Float
Pb Float
Zn Float
Rougher Tails
|
0.7
14.8
20.0
64.5
|
6.61
56.63
0.83
0.59
|
5.86
2.32
27.43
0.66
|
0.5
93.4
1.8
4.3
|
0.7
5.5
87.1
6.7
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.97
|
6.29
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
(15 Minutes)
92.3% -200#
|
Carbon Float
Pb Float
Zn Float
Rougher Tails
|
1.5
12.9
9.1
76.5
|
7.41
56.51
6.17
0.73
|
5.75
1.19
30.63
4.39
|
1.3
85.6
6.6
6.5
|
1.4
2.4
43.7
52.5
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.52
|
6.38
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
TABLE NO.- 5
OPTIMISATION OF NaCN AND CuSO4
Reagent
Doses kg/t
|
PRODUCT
(TYLER MESH)
|
WT%
|
ASSAY%
|
DIST%
|
||
Pb
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
|||
NaCN: 0.04
CuSO4: 0.5
|
Carbon Float
R. Pb Conc.
R.Zn Conc.
Rougher Tails
|
0.8
14.4
18.2
66.6
|
6.20
57.24
0.69
0.19
|
5.48
1.90
35.38
0.18
|
0.6
96.5
1.5
1.4
|
0.6
4.1
93.6
1.7
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.54
|
6.87
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
NaCN: 0.05
CuSO4: 1.0
|
Carbon Float
R. Pb Conc.
R.Zn Conc
Rougher Tails
|
0.8
14.0
16.3
68.9
|
6.08
59.81
0.66
0.59
|
6.9
1.29
35.43
1.05
|
0.5
93.7
1.2
4.6
|
0.8
2.7
85.8
10.7
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.93
|
6.89
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
NaCN: 0.06
CuSO4: 1.5
|
Carbon Float
R. Pb Conc.
R.Zn Conc
Rougher Tails
|
0.6
14.6
20.8
64.0
|
7.12
56.29
0.77
0.24
|
5.97
1.80
30.75
0.21
|
0.5
95.8
1.9
1.8
|
0.5
3.8
93..7
2.0
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.57
|
6.82
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
TABLE NO.- 6
OPTIMISATION OF SIPX IN Pb AND Zn
CIRCUIT
Reagent
Doses kg/t
|
PRODUCT
(TYLER MESH)
|
WT%
|
ASSAY%
|
DIST%
|
||
Pb
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
|||
SIPX: 0.06
SIPX: 0.04
|
Carbon Float
R. Pb Conc.
R.Zn Conc
Rougher Tails
|
0.8
14.0
16.3
68.9
|
6.08
59.81
0.66
0.59
|
6.9
1.29
35.43
1.05
|
0.5
93.7
1.2
4.6
|
0.8
2.7
85.8
10.7
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.93
|
6.73
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
SIPX: 0.08
SIPX: 0.06
|
Carbon Float
R. Pb Conc.
R.Zn Conc
Rougher Tails
|
1.2
14.7
17.7
66.4
|
5.95
56.93
0.43
0.37
|
4.9
1.95
35.28
0.46
|
0.8
95.5
0.9
2.8
|
0.9
4.2
90.6
4.3
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.76
|
6.89
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
SIPX: 0.10
SIPX: 0.08
|
Carbon Float
R. Pb Conc.
R.Zn Conc
Rougher Tails
|
1.3
14.1
16.8
67.8
|
7.19
56.75
0.32
0.48
|
4.79
2.13
35.18
0.53
|
1.1
94.4
0.6
3.9
|
0.9
4.5
89.1
5.4
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.47
|
6.63
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
|
TABLE NO. 7
OPTIMUM CONDITIONED TEST
PRODUCT
|
WT%
|
ASSAY%
|
DIST%
|
||
Pb
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
||
Carbon Float
II Cl. Pb Conc.
II Cl. Pb Tails
I C Pb Tails
II Cl. Zn Conc.
II Cl. Zn Tails
I Cl. Zn Tails
Rougher Tails
|
0.7
10.5
0.9
2.0
13.6
1.2
2.7
68.4
|
6.84
73.19
7.8
4.33
0.27
5.09
2.13
0.30
|
4.67
0.84
6.48
5.26
45.30
6.45
6.58
0.34
|
0.6
93.1
0.9
1.1
0.4
0.7
0.7
2.5
|
0.5
1.3
0.8
1.5
88.9
1.1
2.6
3.4
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.25
|
6.93
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
TABLE NO. 8
FINAL TEST
PRODUCT
|
WT%
|
ASSAY%
|
DIST%
|
||
Pb
|
Zn
|
Pb
|
Zn
|
||
Carbon Float
II Cl. Pb Conc.
II Cl. Pb Tails
I C Pb Tails
II Cl. Zn Conc.
II Cl. Zn Tails
I Cl. Zn Tails
Rougher Tails
|
1.2
10.4
0.6
1.7
12.4
0.4
5.3
68.0
|
5.77
72.69
18.04
5.12
0.86
0.77
1.3
0.23
|
2.6
0.49
2.06
2.02
53.16
2.12
2.47
0.19
|
0.8
92.7
1.3
1.1
1.3
0.1
0.8
1.9
|
0.4
0.7
0.2
0.5
94.3
0.2
1.9
1.8
|
HEAD
|
100.0
|
8.15
|
6.98
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
TABLE NO.- 9
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LEAD CONCENTRATE
CONSTITUENTS
|
ASSAY%
|
Pb
Zn
Cu
S
Fe(T)
SiO2
Al2O3
CaO
MgO
Graphitic Carbon
Ni
Co
Mn
Ti
Au
Ag
Cd
Sb
As
Bi
LOI
|
72.69
0.49
0.13
12.71
1.42
1.71
0.26
0.58
0.10
0.80
1.82 ppm
BDL
36.60 ppm
8 ppm
BDL
226 ppm
1.83 ppm
240 ppm
BDL
3 ppm
8.23
|
BDL : Beyond Detection Limit
TABLE NO.- 10
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ZINC CONCENTRATE
CONSTITUENTS
|
ASSAY%
|
Zn
Pb
Cu
S
Fe(T)
SiO2
Al2O3
CaO
MgO
Graphitic Carbon
Ni
Co
Mn
Ti
Au
Ag
Cd
Sb
As
Bi
LOI
|
53.16
0.86
0.07
25.45
3.14
0.78
0.11
0.58
0.10
0.68
2.76 ppm
0.014
10.24 ppm
12 ppm
BDL
16.36 ppm
210.37 ppm
84 ppm
BDL
2 ppm
14.41
|
BDL : Beyond Detection Limit
5.0
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
5.1
A Lead – Zinc sample assaying
8.52% Pb, 6.46% Zn, 0.06% Cu, 22.71%
Fe(T), 9.19% S, 25.05% SiO2, 6.40% Al2O3,
4.42% CaO, 5.27% MgO,1.12% Graphitic carbon, 0.04% Ni, 0.01% Co, 0.76% Mn,
0.13% Ti, 0.02% Cd was received for bench scale beneficiation studies in Ore
Dressing Laboratory of Indian Bureau of sinoninetech
5.2
Mineralogical studies revealed
that sample consists mainly of
5.3 Object of the investigation
was to develop suitable process to obtain lead concentrate and zinc concentrate
useful to the user industries/ suitable for use in respective smelters.
Grinding followed by flotation was the process developed for this
investigation.
5.4 The process adopted for
beneficiation comprises of :
a)
flotation of graphite
b)
flotation of rougher lead
followed by two cleanings
c)
flotation of rougher zinc
followed by two cleanings
5.5 The lead concentrate obtained
assayed 72.69% Pb, 0.49% Zn with Pb
recovery of 92.7and weight
percent yield 10.4.
5.6 The zinc concentrate obtained
assayed 53.16% Zn, 0.86% Pb with Zn
recovery of 94.3 and weight
percent yield 12.4.
5.7 The lead and zinc concentrates
meets the desired specifications suitable for respective smelters.
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